The Red Fort was to be the seat of power of the Mughal Empire after it’s move to Delhi. So of course there was a great deal of pride when the flag of independent India was raised and President Nehru spoke from it’s ramparts around the time of this stamp. He might have been disappointed to know that the historic site was part of India’s adopt a historic site program and sits unrestored while hosting laser light shows and shopping malls in private hands. So slip on your smoking jacket, fill your pipe, take your first sip of your adult beverage, and sit back in your most comfortable chair. Welcome to todays offering from The Philatelist.
This was an issue of historical sites. When thought of in terms of the recent independence, the idea that the sites are finally in Indian hands is what is being celebrated.
Todays stamp is issue A97, a 2 Rupee stamp issued by independent India on August 15th, 1949. It was a 16 stamp issue in various denominations. According to the Scott catalog, the stamp is worth 50 cents used. The mint value is way up at $27.50. It shows how few were being saved by collectors from the date of issue.
The Red Fort was constructed in 1639 in Delhi to house the seat of government of the Mughal Empire. The Empire’s capital was moving from it’s previous home in Angra. The Mughal Empire was perhaps at the height of it’s power under Shah Jahan and the elaborate complex took 10 years to built and reflected the best of Hundu, Persian, and Timurid styles. The walls of the fort were done in thick red sandstone. The architect in charge of the project was Ahmad Lahori, who also designed the Taj Mahal.
The imposing stone pediments have survived from the times of Shah Jahan, but much of the interior grandeur has been lost. First in 1747 at the time of the Persian invasion under Shah Nadir. In 1783 the Misl states of the Sikh Confederacy briefly held the complex. During the time of the British East India Company, the much reduced in power Mughal Shah was allowed to stay in the Red Fort. During the Sepoy rebellion of 1857, the British made the decision not to defend the Red Fort as the uprising was promoting then Shah Bahadur II as a leader. The complex was again badly looted and the Shah decided to flee. He was captured and returned to the fort this time as a prisoner and banished to Burma.
During the more formal British Raj, Lord Curzon restored much of the complex including the gardens that now boasted a sprinkler system. 1911 saw the visit of King George V and Queen Mary on the occasion of the Delhi Dubar, where the British King was Coronated Emperor of India.
In the last days of the the British Raj, trials were held at the Red Fort on charges of treason to British Indian Army officers who abandoned their posts during the Japanese invasions of Malaya, Singapore and Burma. Many of the accused offered their services to the Japanese puppet India National Army. The trials were met with much protests and even further mutiny in the British Indian Army and Navy. The sentences were never carried out and the affair went a long way to convincing Labour Prime Minister Atlee that British continued presence in India was unsustainable.
Independence saw the elaborate raising of the flag of India at the fort and Prime Minister Nehru giving a speech from the ramparts. This has turned into an elaborate annual tradition by all the Prime Ministers since. The Sandstone facade as held up well as stone tends to. This century as seen much change within the walls. In 2003 the last Indian Army detachment left the fort. The complex attracts many tourists. This has been terrible for the gardens and much of the marble tiles from the Mughal era gradually disappear. The tourists are accommodated by restaurants and stores within the walls of the complex. There is a nightly laser light show. In 2016 the Red Fort was included in the government’s “Adopt a historical site program” that sells the right to operate historical sites for profit. Some in India thought this went too far, and the hashtag “India for sale” trended.
Well my drink is empty and I am left wondering what Shah Jahan would have thought. Would he be just amazed that the fort survived or just in a daze about the laser light show? Come again tomorrow for another story that can be learned from stamp collecting.